Question

How does the process of gel electrophoresis separate DNA fragments?

Answer 1

Ans: To separate DNA using agarose gel electrophoresis, the DNA is loaded into pre-cast wells in the gel and a current applied. The phosphate backbone of the DNA (and RNA) molecule is negatively charged, therefore when placed in an electric field, DNA fragments will migrate to the positively charged anode

Answer 2

The DNA is loaded into pre-cast wells in the gel and a current is applied to separate DNA by using gel electrophoresis.

In this case, the DNA or RNA molecules is negatively charged by the phosphate backbone, and if they placed in an electric field then DNA fragments will charged positively.

So people can use process gel electrophoresis to separate DNA fragments.