Question

How energy is dissipated from the oscillating system in damping process

Answer 1

In damped oscillation like the motion of simple pendulum swinging in air, motion dies out eventually. This is because of the air drag and the friction at the support oppose the motion of the pendulum and dissipate its energy gradually.

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Answer 2

Energy dissipating from the oscillating system in the damping process will keep on lowering the amplitude of the oscillations until the oscillation stops.

Damping Oscillation:

When we consider external factors in oscillations, damping occurs. The external factors include:

• Air drag
• The friction at the support of the pendulum.

The friction and air drag cause oscillatory energy to be dissipated as heat. The loss of energy is hence termed dissipation.

Damping force is denoted by $F_{d} ^{2}$ = –  ρ.v,

Where v = magnitude of the velocity of the object,

ρ= viscous damping coefficient,

$F_{d}$ = damping force per unit velocity. The negative sign indicates that the force opposes the motion.

Hence, damping force is a retarding force.

This is how energy is dissipated from the oscillating system in the damping process.