how federalism is practiced in india?
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Heya
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1. Linguistic states:
After independence several old states were changed in order to create new states.
This was done to ensure that the people who spoke the same language, share common culture, ethnicity or geography could live in the same state.
Initially the Central government resisted linguistic states for the fear of disintegration but experience has shown that it made the country more united and made administration easier.
2. Language policy:
Indian constitution didn’t give the status of national language to any one of the languages.
Besides Hindi, there are twenty one other languages recognized as
schedule languages by the Indian constitution.
The Central government has shown caution in the spread of Hindi due
to opposition from many non Hindi speaking states.
3. Centre state relation:
Before 1990, when the same party ruled both at the centre and in most of the states
The central government in India has the power to dissolve the state government on grounds of inefficiency and impose President rule in the state.
Spirit of Federalism undermined by the Central government as they often dismissed State governments controlled by rival parties.
After 1990, led the emergence of many regional parties in the states of the country.
It was the beginning of era of coalition government at the center, this led to a new culture of power sharing and respect for the independence of state government.
This trend was supported by the Supreme Court making it difficult for the Center government to dismiss the state in an arbitrary manner.
Though Indian constitution has demarcated the power of the union and the state government but still the union government can have influence over the state in many ways.