how geographical distribution is an evidence of evolution??...i can't understand....please explain it to me!
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So to put it simply, One might expect that the fossils of ancestral species to a current species would be found geographically near where the current species lives. It only makes sense right? Well this has been found to be true over and over again.
Now for homologous traits, it is pretty logical to think that if two species shared a common ancestor that they would have some traits in common right? And the more recently they had a common ancestor then the more traits they would have in common. You can think of it in that you are more likely to have a lot of traits in common with your sister or brother then your 4th cousin because you and your sibling shared a common ancestor (your mom and dad) more recently then you and your 4th cousin. Thus your DNA is more similar.
An example of homologous structure would the arm, wrist, and hand bones shared between a bat and a human. You can infer that bats and humans had a common ancestor at some point in the past. But sense the arm, wrist, and hand bones are so common in terrestrial species it would suggest that this trait is very old so the common ancestor must be a very long time ago; long before mammals even evolved. So this common ancestor was probably a common ancestor to all reptiles and mammals.
Anyway, homologous structures support evolution since it has been found over and over again, that species that share many homologous structures (especially those that share structures that aren't found on other species) also turned out to be the most genetically similar.
Now for homologous traits, it is pretty logical to think that if two species shared a common ancestor that they would have some traits in common right? And the more recently they had a common ancestor then the more traits they would have in common. You can think of it in that you are more likely to have a lot of traits in common with your sister or brother then your 4th cousin because you and your sibling shared a common ancestor (your mom and dad) more recently then you and your 4th cousin. Thus your DNA is more similar.
An example of homologous structure would the arm, wrist, and hand bones shared between a bat and a human. You can infer that bats and humans had a common ancestor at some point in the past. But sense the arm, wrist, and hand bones are so common in terrestrial species it would suggest that this trait is very old so the common ancestor must be a very long time ago; long before mammals even evolved. So this common ancestor was probably a common ancestor to all reptiles and mammals.
Anyway, homologous structures support evolution since it has been found over and over again, that species that share many homologous structures (especially those that share structures that aren't found on other species) also turned out to be the most genetically similar.
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Evidences from biogeographical distribution:- The study of geographical distribution of animals and plant species in different parts of earth is called as biogeography.
On the basis of fauna and flora Alfred Russel Wallace divided the whole world into six biogeographical regions called realms.
(i) Nearctic:- North America
(ii) Neotropical:- South America
(iii) Ethiopian:- Africa
(iv) Palearctic:- Europe
(v) Oriental:- Asia
(vi) Australian:- Australia
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