how hand made paper is made
Answers
Answer:
The process of manufacturing handmade paper can be generalized into five steps:
Separating the useful fibre from the rest of raw materials. ...
Beating down the fibre into pulp.
Adjusting the colour, mechanical, chemical, biological, and other properties of the paper by adding special chemical premixes.
Answer:
In papermaking, a dilute suspension of fibres in water is drained through a screen, so that a mat of randomly interwoven fibres is laid down. Water is removed from this mat of fibres by pressing and drying to make paper. Since the invention of the Fourdrinier machine in the 19th century, most paper has been made from wood pulp because of cost. But other fibre sources such as cotton and textiles are used for high-quality papers. One common measure of a paper's quality is its non-wood-pulp content, e.g., 25% cotton, 50% rag, etc. Previously, paper was made up of rags and hemp as well as other materials
Paper Making The process began by reducing cotton waste to pulp. the pulp is diluted with water and put into a masonry. The lifting mould (mesh on a wooden frame) is then dipped into the trough, shaken evenly and lifted out with the pulp on it. The consistency of the pulp in the tank should be kept constant Rose Plucking Roses are selected and plucked, Flower petals were added to the pulp which is then transferred to large tanks. workers submerged a rectangular tray of fine mesh into the water. Taking pulp from the tank, and emptied it into the tray.
Pressing After inverting the tray and the muslin, the sheet of pulp now on top was added to a pile. The pile was then pressed to drive out most of the water. Pressing reduces the bulkiness of the paper i.e. the sheets become more compact.Separation Small dirt particles are removed manually with a sharp instrument. The cleaned sheets are given a coating with starch to improve the physical properties of the paper and prevent feathering. This is called sizing and can be done manually with a brush or by the dipping method.
Natural Drying After Separation the resulting sheets were peeled off the muslin. As between 50 and 65% of moisture remains in the sheets. The sheets are dried by hanging them in open areas of sunlight to remove the rest of the moisture.
Calendaring Then Dried Paper is passed through a series of metal rolls at the end of a paper machine; when the paper is passed between these rolls it increases its smoothness and glossy surface.
Inspection Calendared paper is hand- sorted, edges trimmed with the help of a hand-power-operated cutting machine.
At this point the sheets are sort and cut to whatever sizes the customer desires. However, typically, the sheets are machine cut to a standard 22"x30" or 56x76 cm. size and then packed for shipment
Envelope Making Sheets are cut to appropriate sizes according to size of envelope being made and folded with a glue stick, to seal the three sides.
Screen Printing Screen printing uses silk or other fabric stretched tightly over a frame. Images are created by blocking parts of the screen with stencils created by hand-drawn or photographic techniques. Ink is forced through the open areas of the screen onto paper.
As a traditional art of Vraja, Lord Krishna’s homeland, sanjhi is intrinsically linked to the transcendental sports of the divine couple Krishna and Radha, whose play of love is depicted in the sanjhi designs. Vaishnava theology traces the origin of sanjhi to the divine lila itself: sanjhi designs were created by Radha in order to evoke Lord Krishna’s presence.in the bhagwat puan also holds another version of the same lila, according to which it was Lord Krishna who, at evening twilight time, prepared a beautiful image of Radha made of flowers in order to appease her.
The early tradition of preparing sanjhis made of cowdung and flowers, which is still practiced in the villages, has been taken up by the Vaishnava temples