Question

how have modern farming method lead to the loss of soil fertility

Answer 1

Modern farming methods imply use of chemical fertilisers and artificial irrigation. Excessive use of chemical fertilisers has led to loss of soil fertility in the following manner :

 (a) The chemical fertilisers and pesticides destroy the microorganisms in the soil making the soil less fertile.

 (b) The continuous use of groundwater for tubewell irrigation has reduced the water-table below the ground.

Answer 2

Due to the over use of the chemicals such as fertilizers , pesticides, leads to the decrease in the soil fertility.
(due to growing more and more crops to satisfied the population, we are using more and more chemicals)