how internet works write some points on it......
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Answers
Answer:
The Internet is made up of a massive network of specialized computers called routers. Each router's job is to know how to move packets along from their source to their destination. A packet will have moved through multiple routers during its journey. When a packet moves from one router to the next, it's called a hop.
Explanation:
The Internet is made up of a massive network of specialized computers called routers. Each router's job is to know how to move packets along from their source to their destination. A packet will have moved through multiple routers during its journey. When a packet moves from one router to the next, it's called a hop
How does the Internet Work?
The Internet works through a packet routing network in accordance with the Internet Protocol (IP), the Transport Control Protocol (TCP) and other protocols.
What’s a protocol?
A protocol is a set of rules specifying how computers should communicate with each other over a network. For example, the Transport Control Protocol has a rule that if one computer sends data to another computer, the destination computer should let the source computer know if any data was missing so the source computer can re-send it. Or the Internet Protocol which specifies how computers should route information to other computers by attaching addresses onto the data it sends.
What’s a packet?
Data sent across the Internet is called a message. Before a message is sent, it is first split in many fragments called packets. These packets are sent independently of each other. The typical maximum packet size is between 1000 and 3000 characters. The Internet Protocol specifies how messages should be packetized.
What’s a packet routing network?
It is a network that routes packets from a source computer to a destination computer. The Internet is made up of a massive network of specialized computers called routers. Each router’s job is to know how to move packets along from their source to their destination. A packet will have moved through multiple routers during its journey.
When a packet moves from one router to the next, it’s called a hop. You can use the command line-tool traceroute to see the list of hops packets take between you and a host.
. It lets applications easily make connections with other applications on the Internet with simple abstractions like sockets. The HTTP protocol which specifies how web browsers and web servers should interact lives in the Application Layer. The IMAP protocol which specifies how email clients should retrieve email lives in the Application Layer. The FTP protocol which specifies a file-transferring protocol between file-downloading clients and file-hosting servers lives in the Application Layer.
What’s a client versus a server?
While clients and servers are both applications that communicate over the Internet, clients are “closer to the user” in that they are more user-facing applications like web browsers, email clients, or smart phone apps. Servers are applications running on a remote computer which the client communicates over the Internet when it needs to.
A more formal definition is that the application that initiates a TCP connection is the client, while the application that receives the TCP connection is the server.
How can sensitive data like credit cards be transmitted securely over the Internet?
In the early days of the Internet, it was enough to ensure that the network routers and links are in physically secure locations. But as the Internet grew in size, more routers meant more points of vulnerability. Furthermore, with the advent of wireless technologies like WiFi, hackers could intercept packets in the air; it was not enough to just ensure the network hardware was physically safe. The solution to this was encryption and authentication through SSL/TLS.
What is SSL/TLS?
SSL stands for Secured Sockets Layer. TLS stands for Transport Layer Security. SSL was first developed by Netscape in 1994 but a later more secure version was devised and renamed TLS. We will refer to them together as SSL/TLS.
SSL/TLS is an optional layer that sits between the Transport Layer and the Application Layer. It allows secure Internet communication of sensitive information through encryption and authentication.