how is a person's health dependent on economic factors? (5 marks)
Answers
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Many factors combine together to affect the health of individuals and communities. Whether people are healthy or not, is determined by their circumstances and environment. To a large extent, factors such as where we live, the state of our environment, genetics, our income and education level, and our relationships with friends and family all have considerable impacts on health, whereas the more commonly considered factors such as access and use of health care services often have less of an impact. It is dependent on many factors:
Income and social status - higher income and social status are linked to better health. The greater the gap between the richest and poorest people, the greater the differences in health.
Education – low education levels are linked with poor health, more stress and lower self-confidence.
Physical environment – safe water and clean air, healthy workplaces, safe houses, communities and roads all contribute to good health. Employment and working conditions – people in employment are healthier, particularly those who have more control over their working conditions
Social support networks – greater support from families, friends and communities is linked to better health. Culture - customs and traditions, and the beliefs of the family and community all affect health.
Also,
The socio-economic status of a family determines the quality of the opportunity a child gets. Studying in better schools that are more expensive definitely has benefits in the long run. Well-off families can also offer richer learning resources for their children and afford special aid when they need. Children from poorer families may not have access to educational resources and good nutrition to reach their full potential. They may also have over working parents who cannot invest enough quality time in their development.
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Health performance and economic performance are interlinked:
=> Investment in health is not only a desirable, but also an essential priority for most societies.
=> Wealthier countries have healthier populations for a start. And it is a basic truth that poverty, mainly through infant malnourishment and mortality, adversely affects life expectancy.
=> Globalisation in general, and trade liberalisation in particular, also affect healthcare, via constrained pricing and trade policies of pharmaceuticals, and the need for enhanced health surveillance across borders and populations.
=> The effects of health on development are clear. Countries with weak health and education conditions find it harder to achieve sustained growth.
=> Disease hinders institutional performance too. Lower life expectancy discourages adult training and damages productivity.
=> The emergence of deadly communicable diseases has become an obstacle for the development of sectors like the tourism industry, on which so many countries rely.
=> Health systems need financing and investment to improve their performance, yet this need cannot in turn impose an unfair burden on national spending or competitiveness.
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