How is a sickle cell anemia an example of pieiotrophy?
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Sickle cell anaemia is not an example of pleiotropy and heterozygote advantage. Sickle cell anaemia is a disease. You seem to be trying to refer to the sickle cell allele.
Heterozygote advanced occurs when the heterozygote is more fit than either homozygote. The classic example involves the sickle cell allele where malaria is prevalent. With 2 sickle cell alleles, the person has the disease sickle cell anaemia, with reduced fitness. With 2 non-sickle cell ('normal') alleles, the person has no protection against malaria. With 1 sickle cell allele and 1 non-sickle cell ('normal') alleles, the person does not have the disease sickle cell anaemia but has some protection against malaria. So the fitness of the heterozygote is greater than it is for either homozygote.
Heterozygote advanced occurs when the heterozygote is more fit than either homozygote. The classic example involves the sickle cell allele where malaria is prevalent. With 2 sickle cell alleles, the person has the disease sickle cell anaemia, with reduced fitness. With 2 non-sickle cell ('normal') alleles, the person has no protection against malaria. With 1 sickle cell allele and 1 non-sickle cell ('normal') alleles, the person does not have the disease sickle cell anaemia but has some protection against malaria. So the fitness of the heterozygote is greater than it is for either homozygote.
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