how is a treabeat
i want two three lines
Answers
Answer:
1) Trees are vascular plants. Vascular plants have well developed liquid transport systems. They lack systems for gas transport, instead relying on diffusion processes.
2)Plants have two gas exchange processes photosynthesis and respiration (three if we count loss of water vapor through transpiration)
3)In Photosynthesis, the plant uses sunlight to create carbohydrates which are a store of energy. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts- specialized cells mainly found in leaves. In order to facilitate gas transfer, leaves also have specialized multi cellular features called stoma (singular) or stomata (plural.)
4) These stomata are pores in the leaf and greatly increase the gas wetted area of the leaf allowing for gaseous exchange and diffusion at higher rates than if they were not present. These can be opened or closed by the plant to prevent dehydration. This process is based on osmosis- specifically osmotic pressure. That pressure is maintained by ions present-chiefly potassium but also by a hormone in more advanced plants.
5)The stomata open to permit the uptake of carbon dioxide so that photosynthesis can occur. By opening, they also provide an efficient passage for Oxygen to get to cells as well. The process for oxygen to diffuse through airways rather than water is many orders faster.
6)Plant cells consume carbohydrates through respiration reaction, where the mitochondria of the plant cells combines the oxygen that has diffused in through cell walls and cell membranes, with the carbohydrates, releasing energy and carbon dioxide. As plants produce more carbohydrates than they consume, they make it available to the rest of the ecosystem as food. So plants on balance consume far more carbon dioxide than they consume oxygen. This is called primary productivity.
7) So bottom line, Oxygen diffuses into plant cells where it is combined with carbohydrates in the mitochondria to release energy and carbon dioxide. It is aided in diffusion by specialized organelles called stoma/stomata. As long as a plant’s photosynthesis is more productive than the plants needs for respiration, the plant grows and accumulates biomass and produces excess carbohydrates to its needs. This excess is harvested by herbivores and bacteria and is the basis for energy flow in our ecosystem.
8) If you want to get deep into the weeds of the energy equation, please look up The Krebs Cycle. I had to learn it twice, once in university, and once while helping my daughter study for her AP biology class many years ago. Not going to go there today.
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