Question

how is energy conserved as much as possible during translocation of food in plsntd​

Answer 1

Answer:

The sugars cross the cell membranes of specialized parenchyma cells called companion cells. This cell-surface membrane can regulate the transport of the sugar and also drives it by actively, pumping sugar from the neighboring parenchyma cells into the phloem sieve tubes using membrane protein pumps that require cellular energy in the form of ATP. This pumping of sugars into the companion cell/sieve tube element creates an osmotic gradient, lowers the solute potential of the companion cell and hence lowers its water potential.