Question

How is food security ensured in India during an emergency situation?

Answer 1

Answer:

Food security is ensured in a country when the three dimensions of food security are taken care of. The three dimensions are: $\color{pink}{availability. of. food }$ - Presence of enough food for all the persons $\color{blue}{ accessibility. of .food }$ - Absence of barrier on access to food $\color{red}{ affordability .of .food}$ - Capability of all persons to buy food of acceptable quality Food security has been ensured in India because of the following factors. (1) Self-sufficiency of food grains - India has become self-sufficient in food grains (as was its aim since Independence) during the last thirty years. This has been because of a variety of crops grown all over the country. (i) Food-security system - The availability of food grains has been ensured by the government with the help of a carefully designed food-security system. This system involves the maintenance of a buffer stock of food grains, and the distribution of this food among the p0orer sections of the society with the help of a public distribution system. (ii) Implementation of several poverty-alleviation programmes having an explicit food security component - Apart from the distribution of food through fair-price shops, the government has come up with several poverty-alleviation programmes that enhance food security; for example, mid-day meals and food-for-work. (iv) Involvement of cooperatives and NGOS - In addition to the role of the government in ensuring food security, various cooperatives and NGOS are also working intensively towards this direction. Mother Dairy and Amul are two examples of cooperatives involved in ensuring food security.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

1.     Social protection measures

Kerala, one of the first hit states in India by the COVID-19 outbreak was successful in setting an example for the rest of the country. Kerala’s Chief Minister took immediate actions to reduce the risk of hunger and starvation of the poorest population. The major actions are as follows:

 The government announced free ration for all for one month, meaning that the government will provide 35 kg rice for below poverty line families[2] which constitutes 11.3 per cent of the total population in the state, and 15 kg of rice for others through the Public Distribution systems (PDS) and Kerala State Civil Supplies Corporation (SUPPLYCO).

The government of Kerala has gone an extra mile by initiating the distribution of food kits consisting of 17 items as listed in Table 1 worth INR 1000 (USD 13), starting on 8 April for every household, irrespective of income status. It is distributed through the ration shops under the Public Distribution System. These food commodities are sourced from the suppliers registered under Kerala State Civil Supplies Corporation and National Agriculture Cooperative Marketing Federation of India. This project was funded by the Kerala Chief Minister Distress Relief Fund and has allotted about USD 45 million for this purpose. This scheme was implemented for the first month of the pandemic and the officials are planning to continue the scheme according to the severity of the situation thereafter.

·       One measure was to protect food security in the state was setting up of community kitchens all over the state. It was the first-ever move to provide cooked food for the needy. District administrators were given the duty to monitor the food assistance program whereas the local representatives took responsibility in distribution and logistics.

 To ensure nutritious meals for children under the age of 6, the government has instructed Anganwadi centres in the state to deliver free mid-day meals to the children registered under the Integrated Child Development Services[4](ICDS). As per the orders from the Women and Child Development Department of the state, the Anganwadi teachers are delivering raw materials on a weekly basis to the families