Question

how is prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic cell?
(At least 5 Points)

Answer 1

Answer:

The distinction between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is considered to be the most important distinction among groups of organisms. Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not. Differences in cellular structure of prokaryotes and eukaryotes include the presence of mitochondria and chloroplasts, the cell wall, and the structure of chromosomal DNA.

Prokaryotes were the only form of life on Earth for millions of years until more complicated eukaryotic cells came into being through the process of evolution.

Comparison chart

Differences — Similarities —

Eukaryotic Cell versus Prokaryotic Cell comparison chart

Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotic Cell

Nucleus Present Absent

Number of chromosomes More than one One--but not true chromosome: Plasmids

Cell Type Usually multicellular Usually unicellular (some cyanobacteria may be multicellular)

True Membrane bound Nucleus Present Absent

Example Animals and Plants Bacteria and Archaea

Genetic Recombination Meiosis and fusion of gametes Partial, undirectional transfers DNA

Lysosomes and peroxisomes Present Absent

Microtubules Present Absent or rare

Endoplasmic reticulum Present Absent

Mitochondria Present Absent

Cytoskeleton Present May be absent

DNA wrapping on proteins. Eukaryotes wrap their DNA around proteins called histones. Multiple proteins act together to fold and condense prokaryotic DNA. Folded DNA is then organized into a variety of conformations that are supercoiled and wound around tetramers of the HU protein.

Ribosomes larger smaller

Vesicles Present Present

Golgi apparatus Present Absent

Chloroplasts Present (in plants) Absent; chlorophyll scattered in the cytoplasm

Flagella Microscopic in size; membrane bound; usually arranged as nine doublets surrounding two singlets Submicroscopic in size, composed of only one fiber

Permeability of Nuclear Membrane Selective not present

Explanation:

Answer 2

PROKARYOTIC CELL

• LACK CELL ORGANELES
• LACK TRUE NUCLUES
• HAVE NUCLEID
• HAVE LOATING DNA IN CYTOPLASM
• HAVE CAPSULE