how is Rayon made give its important properties and uses
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What is Rayon? Characteristics of Rayon fabric
Rayon is a special fabric. It wears as good as cotton fabric and feels so soft as silk. It is not without a reason that rayon was often mentioned as "artificial silk" in the past.
But what are the most important characteristics of rayon?
It is time to learn more about that.
What is rayon?
Rayon is a fabric made of semi-synthetic fiber. This makes it a soft and comfortable fabric.
Because the fabric also has a luxurious appearance is it a widely used fabric in the Fashion industry. Because comfort and luxury turns out to be a desirable combination.
Benefits of rayon
The most important benefits of rayon are?
The fabric is soft and thereby comfortable to wear
The fabric has a beautiful, luxurious appearance
The fabric absorbs moisture and water well and stays cool and airy in warm weather
The fabric is wrinkle free
The fabric retains its shape and color well.
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What is Rayon?
Rayon is a generic term that includes several cellulose-derived fibers produced by different methods.
Rayon, the first of the manufactured fibers produced in large volume, is based on the natural polymer cellulose, a repeat unit of which is shown below.
Although in the early days the main source of this raw material was cotton linters, a combination of improved technologies for obtaining alpha cellulose nitrate during world war II resulted in a shift in raw material to wood pulp. Only certain trees constitute the most economical supply of dissolving pulp as the final product is called the process economics depend upon the cost of logs delivered at the pulping mill and the relative yield of alpha cellulose after the unusable lignin and the other components of the wood are discarded. The dissolving pulp is received by the rayon manufacturer in sheer or roll form.
Rayon lacks the highly ordered fibril character of cotton and flax. It is readily accessible and the effects of bleaching are more severe. In its preparation from xanthate-derivatized wood pulp, rayon is regenerated in an acid bath to cellulose before extrusion from a viscous solution as filament fibres. This process reduces the chain length of cellulose by one third of the expected value for cotton and flax. Hence, there are many shorter chain lengths and thus a greater number of reducing ends. Rayon is commonly cut to staple whenever bleaching may be required.
List of Uses of Rayon
Among the man made fibers that are presently used in clothing and which are flame resistant are mod-acrylic fibers. Fabric conditioners can be used with any rayon fabrics for the intent of the product involved at user’s discrimination. Some uses of Rayon are listed below.
1. Industrial Uses:
In most industrial uses, the durability of a fabric under moderate to severe treatment is a matter of prime importance in its selection. Rayon being relatively more expensive and much less durable than cotton in most such cases, has found little application in the field of industrial uses. With regard to cotton, rayon is pertinent to mention here that industrial uses account for approximately two-fifths of the cotton consumed in the United States each year.
2. Used in Garments:
The fabrics used for the girls vests and boys two button union suits for these tests were all made on spring needle circular knitting machines. For each particular size of garments the cotton and rayon fabrics were both knitted on the same machine. The cotton fabric was knitted from combed yarn. The viscose rayon yarn, which was obtained from one of the larger domestic producers, was reported to have been made from a mixture of approximately 50 percent each of wood pulp and of purified cotton linters.
3. General Observations:
It is simply a statement of those conclusions which follow naturally from a consideration of the present relative properties and price of rayon and other textile fibers. Should there be a change in any of these observations with regard to specific uses will not then be applicable. What it is desired to bring out is the fact that the field for expansion of rayon is not unlimited, that it is textile fiber with definite and distinct properties which in some uses offer advantages over cotton silk, and wool and in others are definitely restrictive to its usefulness.
Purpose of using Rayon fibre:
• Rayon typically has an elevated luster quality giving it a brilliant gloss
• Mainly, Rayon fibres are used in apparel industry such as Aloha shirts, blouses, dresses, Jackets, Lingerie, scarves, suits, ties, hats and socks…,
• Some rayon fibres are for filling in Zippo lighters, furnishings including bedspreads, bedsheets, blankets, window covers, upholstery and slipcovers..,
• For industrial purposes such as medical surgery products, non-woven items, tire cord and some other uses like diapers, towels, feminine hygiene products..,
Properties of Rayon:
• Rayon is a versatile fiber
• Rayon is very soft, cool comfortable and very good absorbent property but could not be able to protect body heat and used in humid steamy climatic conditions.
• Rayon fibre has the same comfort property as natural fibres.
• Rayon can replicate the feel and texture of silk, cotton, linen and wool.
• Rayon can easily be dyed in variety of colors
• Rayon has very lower elastic recovery of any fibre.
• HWM rayon is very stronger and reveals good durability. HWM rayon can be machine washed.
• Usual rayon fibres recommended care for dry cleaning purpose only.
Rayon is a major feedstock in the manufacture of carbon fibre. Grasim of India is the major producer of rayon in the world which is claiming 24% market share.
Rayon is a generic term that includes several cellulose-derived fibers produced by different methods.
Rayon, the first of the manufactured fibers produced in large volume, is based on the natural polymer cellulose, a repeat unit of which is shown below.
Although in the early days the main source of this raw material was cotton linters, a combination of improved technologies for obtaining alpha cellulose nitrate during world war II resulted in a shift in raw material to wood pulp. Only certain trees constitute the most economical supply of dissolving pulp as the final product is called the process economics depend upon the cost of logs delivered at the pulping mill and the relative yield of alpha cellulose after the unusable lignin and the other components of the wood are discarded. The dissolving pulp is received by the rayon manufacturer in sheer or roll form.
Rayon lacks the highly ordered fibril character of cotton and flax. It is readily accessible and the effects of bleaching are more severe. In its preparation from xanthate-derivatized wood pulp, rayon is regenerated in an acid bath to cellulose before extrusion from a viscous solution as filament fibres. This process reduces the chain length of cellulose by one third of the expected value for cotton and flax. Hence, there are many shorter chain lengths and thus a greater number of reducing ends. Rayon is commonly cut to staple whenever bleaching may be required.
List of Uses of Rayon
Among the man made fibers that are presently used in clothing and which are flame resistant are mod-acrylic fibers. Fabric conditioners can be used with any rayon fabrics for the intent of the product involved at user’s discrimination. Some uses of Rayon are listed below.
1. Industrial Uses:
In most industrial uses, the durability of a fabric under moderate to severe treatment is a matter of prime importance in its selection. Rayon being relatively more expensive and much less durable than cotton in most such cases, has found little application in the field of industrial uses. With regard to cotton, rayon is pertinent to mention here that industrial uses account for approximately two-fifths of the cotton consumed in the United States each year.
2. Used in Garments:
The fabrics used for the girls vests and boys two button union suits for these tests were all made on spring needle circular knitting machines. For each particular size of garments the cotton and rayon fabrics were both knitted on the same machine. The cotton fabric was knitted from combed yarn. The viscose rayon yarn, which was obtained from one of the larger domestic producers, was reported to have been made from a mixture of approximately 50 percent each of wood pulp and of purified cotton linters.
3. General Observations:
It is simply a statement of those conclusions which follow naturally from a consideration of the present relative properties and price of rayon and other textile fibers. Should there be a change in any of these observations with regard to specific uses will not then be applicable. What it is desired to bring out is the fact that the field for expansion of rayon is not unlimited, that it is textile fiber with definite and distinct properties which in some uses offer advantages over cotton silk, and wool and in others are definitely restrictive to its usefulness.
Purpose of using Rayon fibre:
• Rayon typically has an elevated luster quality giving it a brilliant gloss
• Mainly, Rayon fibres are used in apparel industry such as Aloha shirts, blouses, dresses, Jackets, Lingerie, scarves, suits, ties, hats and socks…,
• Some rayon fibres are for filling in Zippo lighters, furnishings including bedspreads, bedsheets, blankets, window covers, upholstery and slipcovers..,
• For industrial purposes such as medical surgery products, non-woven items, tire cord and some other uses like diapers, towels, feminine hygiene products..,
Properties of Rayon:
• Rayon is a versatile fiber
• Rayon is very soft, cool comfortable and very good absorbent property but could not be able to protect body heat and used in humid steamy climatic conditions.
• Rayon fibre has the same comfort property as natural fibres.
• Rayon can replicate the feel and texture of silk, cotton, linen and wool.
• Rayon can easily be dyed in variety of colors
• Rayon has very lower elastic recovery of any fibre.
• HWM rayon is very stronger and reveals good durability. HWM rayon can be machine washed.
• Usual rayon fibres recommended care for dry cleaning purpose only.
Rayon is a major feedstock in the manufacture of carbon fibre. Grasim of India is the major producer of rayon in the world which is claiming 24% market share.
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