How is sodium metal extracted explain with the help of equation of the reaction involved?
Answers
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♣Some vital information:-
✍️ Rock salt is found in thick seams deep underground.
✍️ For example, the chemical industry in Cheshire has grown around a source of rock salt.
✍️ People believe that the salt was deposited millions of years ago when an ancient inland sea evaporated.
✍️ The salt is found mixed with insoluble impurities of sand and bits of rock.
♣ Extraction of Sodium
✍️On industrial scale sodium metal is extracted by "Down's Process".
♠ PRINCIPLE
✍️ Down's Process is based on the electrolysis of fused NaCl.
♠CONSTRUCTION OF DOWN'S CELL
✍️ Down's cell consists of a rectangular container of steel.
✍️ Inside of the tank is lined with firebricks.
✍️ Anode is a graphite rod which projects centrally up through the base of the cell.
✍️ Cathode is a ring of iron, which surrounds the anode.
✍️ The anode and cathode are separated from each other by a cylindrical steel gauze diaphragm so that Na and Cl2 are kept apart.
✍️ A bell like hood is submerged over the anode.
♠ Procedure
✍️When an electric current is passed through the molten mixture of NaCl and CaCl2, NaCl decomposes in to Na+ and Cl- ion. Na+ ions migrate towards cathode while Cl- ions towards the anode.
✍️ The molten sodium collects in the cathode compartment where it rises to the top and is tapped off by a pipe.
✍️Chlorine is collected at the anode.
Note:-
The reaction involved are in the attachments.
Kindly refer to it.
_____
__________
________________
♣Some vital information:-
✍️ Rock salt is found in thick seams deep underground.
✍️ For example, the chemical industry in Cheshire has grown around a source of rock salt.
✍️ People believe that the salt was deposited millions of years ago when an ancient inland sea evaporated.
✍️ The salt is found mixed with insoluble impurities of sand and bits of rock.
♣ Extraction of Sodium
✍️On industrial scale sodium metal is extracted by "Down's Process".
♠ PRINCIPLE
✍️ Down's Process is based on the electrolysis of fused NaCl.
♠CONSTRUCTION OF DOWN'S CELL
✍️ Down's cell consists of a rectangular container of steel.
✍️ Inside of the tank is lined with firebricks.
✍️ Anode is a graphite rod which projects centrally up through the base of the cell.
✍️ Cathode is a ring of iron, which surrounds the anode.
✍️ The anode and cathode are separated from each other by a cylindrical steel gauze diaphragm so that Na and Cl2 are kept apart.
✍️ A bell like hood is submerged over the anode.
♠ Procedure
✍️When an electric current is passed through the molten mixture of NaCl and CaCl2, NaCl decomposes in to Na+ and Cl- ion. Na+ ions migrate towards cathode while Cl- ions towards the anode.
✍️ The molten sodium collects in the cathode compartment where it rises to the top and is tapped off by a pipe.
✍️Chlorine is collected at the anode.