Question

How is soil formed? Explain briefly. ​

Answer 1

Explanation:

$\large\bf\purple{\underline{\underline{Formation\ of\ soil:-}}}$

$\orange{\odot}$ Sun:- Rays of sun gradually heat the rocks and they expand during daytime. During nights, the rocks cool and contract, uneven expansion and contraction of rocks develop cracks.

$\orange{\odot}$ Water:- Water helps in the formation of soil in two ways:-

• The cracks formed due to heat of the sun are filled with water. This water on freezing, widens the gap and loosens the rock into small pieces.
• The running water in rivers wears away hard rocks over long periods of time. Fast flowing water carries small stone pieces and due to rubbing with other rocks they further break down into smaller pieces.

$\orange{\odot}$ Wind:- Strong wind erodes down rocks and also carries sand from one place to another.

$\orange{\odot}$ Living organism:- Living organisms also help in the process of soil formation. Lichens grow on rock surfaces. While growing, they release certain substances that convert the rocks into powdery form and make a thin soil layer. Other small plants like moss grows on this surface and they cause the rock to break further.

Answer 2

Answer:

Soil is formed through the process of weathering. Weathering is a process of physical breakdown and chemical decomposition of rocks and minerals near or at the surface of the earth. This physical and chemical decomposition is primarily done by wind, water, and climate. As a result of these processes, large rock pieces are converted into smaller pieces and eventually to soil.