How is soil formed in terrestrial ecosystem
Answers
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†hεψ αrε ςhαrας†εrïzεd ßψ ﾚ⊕ω ωα†εr α∀αïﾚαßïﾚï†ψ αηd grεα†εr †εmpεrα†urε ƒﾚuς†uα†ï⊕ηš.
†hεïr ς⊕η†ας† ωï†h pß ïš ﾚαrgεﾚψ †hr⊕ugh α†m⊕šphεrïς p⊕ﾚﾚu†αη†š, hg †hr⊕ugh š⊕ïﾚ, αηd αš †hr⊕ugh ωα†εr.
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Answer:
Explanation:
Terrestrial ecosystems are characterized by low water availability and greater temperature fluctuations. There is greater availability of gases and light in terrestrial ecosystems as compared to aquatic ecosystem. Terrestrial biota are exposed to heavy metal by different means. The effect of metal and PAHs on terrestrial animals is more or less similar to that in humans. However, in plants the response to heavy metal and PAHs is diverse. Contact with Pb is largely through atmospheric pollutants, Hg through soil, and As through water. In terrestrial ecosystems, plants can accumulate many metals. The uptake process for toxic metal is the same as the uptake processes for essential micronutrient metal ions (Patra et al., 2004). At extreme concentrations, metals result in phytotoxicity through changes in membrane permeability, binding with sulphydryl (SH) groups, reacting with phosphate groups and active groups of Adenosine di-phosphate (ADP) or Adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), and replacement of essential. Metals like Pb can significantly affect the water content of plant tissues. In the presence of Pb, transpiration intensity, osmotic pressure of cell sap, water potential of xylem, and relative water content were significantly reduced in plants.