how is synthetic diamond prepared?Mention any two uses of diamond.
Answers
Synthetic diamond (also referred to as laboratory-grown diamond, laboratory-created diamond, or cultured diamond) is a diamond made of the same material as natural diamonds—pure carbon, crystallized in an isotropic 3D form
The properties of synthetic diamond depend on the details of the manufacturing processes; however, some synthetic diamonds (whether formed by HPHT or CVD) have properties such as hardness, thermal conductivity and electron mobility that are superior to those of most naturally formed diamonds. Synthetic diamond is widely used in abrasives, in cutting and polishing tools and in heat sinks. Electronic applications of synthetic diamond are being developed, including high-power switches at power stations, high-frequency field-effect transistors and light-emitting diodes. Synthetic diamond detectors of ultraviolet (UV) light or high-energy particles are used at high-energy research facilities and are available commercially. Because of its unique combination of thermal and chemical stability, low thermal expansion and high optical transparency in a wide spectral range, synthetic diamond is becoming the most popular material for optical windows in high-power CO2 lasers and gyrotrons. It is estimated that 98% of industrial grade diamond demand is supplied with synthetic diamonds.
In the United States, the Federal Trade Commission has indicated that the terms laboratory-grown, laboratory-created, and [manufacturer-name]-created "would more clearly communicate the nature of the stone".[1] Both CVD and HPHT diamonds can be cut into gems and various colors can be produced: clear white, yellow, brown, blue, green and orange. The advent of synthetic gems on the market created major concerns in the diamond trading business, as a result of which special spectroscopic devices and techniques have been developed to distinguish synthetic and natural diamonds.
Answer:There are several methods used to produce synthetic diamond. High-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) method is the most widely used as it is comparatively low cost. In this method, there are three main press designs that are used to supply the pressure and temperature required to produce synthetic diamond - the belt press, the cubic press and the split-sphere (BARS) press. PCDs are widely used in oil and gas drills as no other material is capable of handling the extreme conditions. Large economic benefits are gained by rig drilling operators due to the use of these diamonds.
Ideal ‘window’ material for several industrial, R&D, defence and laser applications
All types of electronic and electrical applications in which build-up of heat can severely impair performance or destroy delicate circuitry
As a ‘heat sink’ for sensitive components used in the telecommunications industry and in microelectronic devices.
In the production of laser optics where synthetic diamond provides optimum exit windows for CO2 lasers, such as those used in automotive cutting applications
Synthetic diamond-based products are being used in industrial and household water treatment
In advanced healthcare applications such as therapy for eye cancer patients where synthetic diamond-based radiation detectors ensure the delivery of the correct dosage to precisely target only the cancer-affected tissue and not the healthy tissue around it
As surgical scalpel in ophthalmic and neuro surgery
Researchers are trying to develop synthetic diamond-based quantum computer technology that could enable faster data processing and secure communication
In the solid state particle detectors used at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN in Switzerland
Polycrystalline CVDs are an essential component in high performance loudspeakers
As consumer diamond gemstones.