Question

how is the position of union legislature different from that of union executive under the constitution of India​

Answer 1

Explanation:

The executive power of the Union is vested in the President [Article 53 (1)]. ... Although the executive power of the Union is vested in the President, actually, in practice, it is carried on by the council of ministers. The prime minister is the head of the council of ministers.

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Answer 2

Union Legislature/Parliament, comprises the President & two Houses, who are known as "Council of States" (Rajya Sabha) & "House of the People" (Lok Sabha). The Union Executive includes the Prime Minister, President  & the Council of Ministers

Explanation:

Union Legislature

• The Union Legislature's function is to develop policies and laws that govern the nation. Without Parliament 's permission, the government can not raise or receive any tax & incur/make expenditure, no govt tax can be levied or revised or collected. The "govt's fiscal measures" will only be adopted after the Parliament has approved them.
• The "Council of Ministers" is directly "accountable" to Parliament for all its "policies & decisions". MPs can ask the ministers questions as well as "supplementary questions" for information concerning administration. They can "move a motion of adjournment", "call attention to a motion", "cut a motion", "censure a motion" & move a no-confidence motion to control & hold the ministry accountable.
• In accordance with "Section 368", the Union Parliament shall be allowed to amend/modify the Constitution. The "President & Vice-President" of India is "elected by the Parliament". Parliament has the authority to put impeachment charges against the President for violating the Constitution.

Union Executive

• The Prime Minister  is the Chief of the Ministerial Council. He is the Govt. Head &  is in charge of its activities. Acts as a "link" between the Parliament & the President.  Gives recommendations to the President concerning cabinet Ministers' appointment . Acts as the "Chairperson" at the time of the "cabinet meetings".  Gives recommendation the President for appointing Heads of the highest "constitutional bodies, judges, commissions, Chief of Navy, Governors, etc. Gives recommendation the President for appointing Heads of the highest "constitutional bodies, judges, commissions, Chief of Navy, Governors, etc.
• The "President" shall call, prorogue, relay messages and disband the Sabha Local at any moment & dissolve the Lower House; promulgates ordinances despite both houses of the Parliament being in session; makes suggestion for the introduction of money & financial bills that may be enacted; grant reprieves, pardon, remission, relaxation, respite, reductions, or commutation of conviction sentences. If the legislative structure of the state is ineffective, he will carry over the whole functions of the State's Nation.
• The "Vice President" is the "Exofficio Chair" of the Rajya Sabha & serves as President when he/she is unable to perform his/her functions on account of absence, illness & other causes until the appointment of a new President, or  when a vacancy owing to resignation,  removal, or death, or otherwise of  the President takes place.

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How does the union legislature exercise control over the executive ...

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