How is universal indicators prepared? How can it be used to test the hydrogen ion concentration in an acid?
Answers
universal indicator is prepared on mixing several indicators . we can use it to test hydrogen ion by measuring the pH scale in an acid
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A universal indicator is a pH indicator made of a solution of several compounds that exhibits several smooth colour changes over a wide range pH values to indicate the acidityor alkalinity of solutions. Although there are several commercially available universal pH indicators, most are a variation of a formula patented by Yamada in 1933. Details of this patent can be found in Chemical Abstracts.Experiments with Yamada's universal indicator are also described in the Journal of Chemical Education.
A universal indicator is typically composed of water, propan-1-ol, phenolphthalein sodium salt, sodium hydroxide, methyl red, bromothymol blue monosodium salt, and thymol blue monosodium salt. The colours that indicate the pH of solution, after adding a universal indicator, are:
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