Question

How is washing soda formed? mention the whole chemical reaction.​

Answer 1

Washing soda is formed due to the recrystallisation of sodium carbonate.

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Answer 2

Washing soda is produced from sodium chloride in the following three steps

1) A cold concentrated solution of sodium chloride ( called brine) is reacted with ammonia and carbon dioxide to obtain sodium hydrogencarbonate :

NaCl + NH3+ H2O+ CO2 ——- NaHCo3 + NH4Cl
[NaHCO3 formed is only slightly soluble in water , so it precipitated out as a solid]

2) sodium hydrogencarbonate is separated by filtration , dried and heated. On heating, sodium hydrogencarbonate decomposes to form sodium carbonate :

2NaHCO3 ——- Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
[ the anhydrous sodium carbonate obtained here is called soda wash]

3) Anhydrous sodium carbonate is dissolved in water and recrystallised to get washing soda crystals containing 10 molecules of water of crystallisation:

Na2CO3+ 10H2O ——- NaCO3.10H2O
( sodium carbonate dechydrate ) washing soda