How is water hammer effect reduced in a hydroelectric power plant?
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Water hammer or hydraulic shock is defined as the sudden increase in the pressure on account of hindrance to fluid motion or direction change.
Surge Tank is an essential engineering arrangement required for the smooth working of a hydraulic power plant.
Due to motion water possesses some momentum and this momentum is destroyed when water is stopped by closing a valve.
A very high pressure is developed on valve.
The sudden rise in pressure has the effect of Hammering Action on the walls of pipe, known as water hammer.
Surge tanks are placed near turbines to control the pressure variations and thus eliminating Water Hammer possibilities.
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