how is zener breakdown voltage ranges?
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How is zener breakdown voltage range?
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Zener diodes vary in specifications such as nominal working voltage, power dissipation, maximum reverse current, and packaging.
Some commonly used specifications include:
- Voltage Vz: The Zener voltage refers to the reverse breakdown voltage—2.4 V to about 200 V; can go up to 1 kV while the maximum for the surface-mounted device (SMD) is about 47 V).
- Current Iz (max.): Maximum current at the rated Zener voltage Vz—200 uA to 200 A).
- Current Iz (min.): Minimum current required for the diode to break down—5 mA and 10 mA.
- Power rating: The maximum power the Zener diode can dissipate; given by the product of voltage across the diode and the current flowing through. Typical values are 400 mW, 500 mW, 1 W, and 5 W; for surface mounted, 200 mW, 350 mW, 500 mW, and 1 W are typical.
- Voltage tolerance: Typically ±5%.
- Temperature stability: Diodes around 5 V have the best stability.
- Package: Leaded devices and the surface mount either as discrete devices or within integrated circuits.
- Zener resistance (Rz): The diode exhibits some resistance as evident from the IV characteristics.
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