How IUD’s acts as a contraceptive? Mention any two copper-related IUD’s.
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Answer:
What Is an IUD?
An intrauterine device (IUD) is a piece of T-shaped plastic, about the size of a quarter, that is placed inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy. Two types of IUDs are available: one is covered with copper, the other releases the hormone progestin.
How Does an IUD Work?
The copper-coated IUD prevents pregnancy by not allowing the sperm to fertilize the egg. It may also make it harder for a fertilized egg to implant in the uterus.
An IUD coated with progestin works in a similar way, but also thickens the cervical mucus and thins the uterine lining. In some cases, it stops ovulation (the release of an egg during the monthly cycle). This prevents sperm from fertilizing the egg and implanting.
A progestin IUD also can be used to help reduce blood flow for girls who have heavy, painful periods (dysmenorrhea).
How Well Does an IUD Work?
Both types of IUDs are very effective at preventing pregnancy. Over the course of a year, fewer than 1 out of 100 typical couples using an IUD will have an accidental pregnancy.
The IUD is effective as soon as it is put in and it lasts a long time. A copper IUD can work for 10 years. Progestin IUDs can work for 3 to 5 years, depending on the brand. This makes the IUD a good option for women who are not ready to start a family. Even though an IUD can stay in place for a long time, the doctor or nurse practitioner can remove it at any time.
Does an IUD Help Prevent STDs?
No. The IUD does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Couples who are having sex must always use condoms along with the IUD to protect against STDs.
A doctor or nurse practitioner will check to be sure a woman doesn't have any STDs before putting in an IUD. Getting an IUD put in while she has an STD could lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
Abstinence (not having sex) is the only method that always prevents pregnancy and STDs.
Are There Any Problems With IUDs?
The most common side effects of the IUD include:
* irregular bleeding for the first few months
* with the copper IUD, heavier periods with more cramps
* lighter and shorter periods (or no periods) with some kinds of progestin IUDs
* PMS-like symptoms such as moodiness, headaches, acne, nausea, and breast tenderness with the hormonal IUD
[ Reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD
Date reviewed: May 2018 ]
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♦ IUD stands for Intrauterine Device.
♦ They can be used for a couple of years.
♦ It is a device that is inserted into the uterus, changing its shape and preventing successful implantation of the zygote.
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