Question

how long does it take for an animal to adapt?

Answer 1

hi5!!
see, it roughly depends on whether the animal residing is on a desert,cold conditions,forest etc.etc.
some are purely physical like fishes have fins and in case of polar bears but there is no fixed time for a particular species to get themselves adapted
but if your question is in the context of something like if a natural calamity occurs or stuffs like that,then it takes quite a few thousands of years to adapt themselves,the best example is that of we the humans and how we have adapted ourselves
but,otherwise there is no fixed period 

Answer 2

ADAPTION OF ANIMAL DEPENDS ON THE CLIMATE, TEMPERATURE,FOOD