Question

how many languages are in India? what are they?

Answer 1

Languages spoken in India belong to several language families, the major ones being the Indo-Aryan languages spoken by 78.05% of Indians and the Dravidian languages spoken by 19.64% of Indians.[6][7] Languages spoken by the remaining 2.31% of the population belong to the Austroasiatic, Sino-Tibetan, Tai-Kadai, and a few other minor language families and isolates.[8]:283India (780) has the world's second highest number of languages, after Papua New Guinea (839).[9]

Languages of India

Language families of the Indian subcontinent;

Nihali, Kusunda, and Thai languages are not shown.

Official languages

Assamese

Bengali

Bodo

Dogri

English[1][2][3]

Gujarati

Hindi[1][4]

Kannada

Kashmiri

Konkani

Maithili

Malayalam

Marathi

Meitei

Nepali

Odia

Punjabi

Sanskrit

Santali

Sindhi

Tamil

Telugu

Urdu (total: 23, including 22 8th Schedulelanguages and additional official language, English)

Main foreign languagesEnglish – 259,678 (L1+L2 speakers)[5]
Portuguese
FrenchSign languages

Indo-Pakistani Sign Language

Alipur Sign Language

Naga Sign Language(extinct)

Answer 2

There are 22 languages which are called the Scheduled Languages of India, listed here according to number of native (L1) speakers in India (only):

Hindi

Bengali

Telugu

Marathi

Tamil

Urdu

Gujarati

Kannada

Malayalam

Odia

Punjabi

Assamese

Maithili

Santali

Kashmiri

Nepali

Sindhi

Konkani

Dogri

Manipuri

Bodo

Sanskrit

Hope it help.