how many orbitals and how many electrons are there in each of the first two Principal Quantum numbers
Answers
Answer:
1st orbit has 2
2 orbit has 8
3 orbit 8
and as you go on find the element the orbital ring increases but max electrons will be 8 only
If you’re comfortable with taking the square of a number, there is a much quicker way to find orbitals for an energy level. You may have noticed above that the examples followed the formula number of orbitals = n2. For n = 3, there were nine, and for n = 4, there were 16. This turns out to be a general rule, so for n = 2, there are 22 = 4 orbitals, and for n = 5 there are 52 = 25 orbitals. You can check these answers with the simple method if you like, but it does work out in any case.
There is also an easy way to work out how many electrons are in each energy level. Each orbital holds two electrons, because they also have one extra quantum number: ms, the spin quantum number. This can only take two values for electrons: −1/2 or +1/2. So for every orbital, there are a maximum of two electrons. This means that: maximum number of electrons in an energy level = 2_n_2. In this expression, n is the principal quantum number. Note that not all of the available spots will be full in every case, so you have to combine this with a bit more information, such as the number of electrons in the atom in question, to find orbitals that will be fully occupied by electrons.
When discussing electron configurations, “quantum numbers” are widely used. These are numbers that define the specific state an electron is in for its “orbit” around the nucleus of the atom. The main quantum number you’ll need, to work out the number of orbitals for each energy level, is the principal quantum number, which is given the symbol n. This tells you the energy level of the electron, and a bigger principal quantum number means the electron is farther away from the nucleus.
The other two quantum numbers that explain orbitals and sublevels are the angular momentum quantum number (l) and the magnetic quantum number (ml). Like ordinary angular momentum, the angular momentum quantum number tells you how quickly the electron is orbiting, and it determines the shape of the orbital. The magnetic quantum number specifies one orbital out of those available.
The principal quantum number n takes whole number (integer) values such as 1, 2, 3, 4 and so on. The angular momentum quantum number l takes whole number values starting from 0 and up to n − 1, so for n = 3, l could take values 0, 1 or 2 (if n = 3, then n – 1 = 2). Finally, the magnetic quantum number ml takes whole number values from –l to +l, so for l = 2, it can be −2, −1, 0, +1 or +2.