How many sigma and pi bonds in acetophenone
Answers
Concept: While pi bonds are created by the lateral overlapping of two atomic orbitals, sigma bonds are created by the head-to-head overlapping of atomic orbitals.
Atomic orbitals along the internuclear axis must overlap head-on and positively (same phase) in order to produce sigma kind of covalent connection. Because the participating orbitals directly overlap, sigma bonds are the strongest covalent bonds. The term "electrons" is used to describe the electrons involved in a bond.
Pi bonds are created when atomic orbitals overlap sideways and positively (in the same phase) in a direction that is perpendicular to the internuclear axis. Atomic orbital axes are parallel to one another when bonds are formed, but they are perpendicular to the internuclear axis when they overlap.
Due to the much less overlapping than sigma bonds, pi bonds are often weaker. Double bonds typically consist of one sigma and one pi bond, whereas a triple bond often consists of two bonds and one bond. It's crucial to remember that a pair of sigma and pi bonds is always more powerful than a single sigma bond.
Given: acetophenone
To find: No. of sigma and pi bonds in acetophenone
Solution:
One σ bond is present in single bonds.
One σ and one π bonds are found in double bonds.
A total of 4 double bonds may be counted in the structure of acetophenone (3 in the benzene ring and 1 in the carbonyl).
Therefore, the total no. of π bonds are 4.
There are 8 C-C σ bond
1 C-O σ bond
8 C-H σ bond
Total there are 17 σ bond.
Hence, there are total 17 σ bond and total 4 π bonds in acetophenone.
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