Question

how many vertical columns are inthe modern periodic table what are they called ??

Answer 1

there are 18 vertical coulomns are called groups

Answer 2

There are 18 vertical columns called groups.

The 1st and 2nd group are called s-block elements

The 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th and 18th group are called p-block.

And the 3rd to 12th group elements are called d-block .

There are special names for some groups
1st is alkaline metals
2nd is alkaline earth metals
13th is boron family
14th is carbon family
15th is nitrogen family
16th is oxygen family or chalcogens
17th is halogens
18th is nobel gas group or zero group

HOPE THAT HELPS.... ☺️