Question

how mobile charger work

Answer 1

A simple charger works by supplying a constant DC or pulsed DC power source to a battery being charged. A simple charger typically does not alter its output based on charging time or the charge on the battery. This simplicity means that a simple charger is inexpensive, but there are tradeoffs.

Answer 2

A mobile charger works on the simple principle of conversion of AC(alternating current) to DC (direct current).

Step 1: Step down the AC voltage

As we connect our charger to 220V AC direct from the switchboard the first job of the charger is step down the high 220V in 9V (or 10V in some cases). In transformer there are primary and secondary coils which step up or step down the voltage according to the no of turn in the coils.Selection of proper transformer is very important. Current rating depends upon the Current requirement of Load circuit (circuit which will use the generate DC).

Step 2 : Rectifying

Rectification is the process of removing the negative part of the Alternate Current (AC), hence producing the partial DC.

Above is the type of rectifier which removes the negative part of the ac supply in both the cycle,hence called as full wave bridge rectifier.

Step 3 : Filtration

The output after the Rectification is not a proper DC, it is oscillation output and has a very high ripple factor. We don’t need that pulsating output, for this we use Capacitor. Capacitor charge till the waveform goes to its peak and discharge into Load circuit when waveform goes low. So when output is going low, capacitor maintains the proper voltage supply into the Load circuit, hence creating the DC.

Step 4 : Voltage regulation

Finally we need a voltage regulator at the output side to maintain the constant voltage throughout.