Question

How much difference does salt concentration have on surface tension?

Answer 1

How does the surface tension of water increase with the addition of salt (NaCl) into the water?

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4 ANSWERS



Dipankar Bhattacharya, studied Chemistry at Presidency College

Answered Sep 11, 2017

Surface tension is generated due to the attractive forces present in a fluid wrt air. In pure water, the attractive forces are weaker hydrogen bonding between O end of one water molecule with H end of another water molecule.

As soon as NaCl is added, it gets dissociated into Na+ & Cl- ions which leads to much stronger attraction of water molecules around these ions (hydration) where H- ends of water molecules are arranged around -ve ly charged Cl- & O ends will similarly arrange themselves around Na+. As the net attractive forces increases between the hydrated charged species as in increasingly add up NaCl, the net surface tension increases, too