How novels contribute to formation of new communities
Answers
Q.3. What do you mean by epistolary novel ? Give One example.
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State the meaning of epistolary novel. Give one example for this type of novel. [CBSE 2013]
Ans. The form of novel which used the private and personal forrri of letters to tell a story are known as epistolary. Samuel Richardson’s Pamela written in the 18th century explain much of its story through an exchange of letters between two lovers.
Q.4. Mention any three features of Pickwick Papers.
Ans. (i) Pickwick Papers were written by Charles Dickens.
(ii) These papers were serialised in a magazine in 1836.
(iii) Serialisation allowed readers to relish the suspense, discuss the characters of a novel and live for weeks with their stories like viewers of television soaps today.
Q.5- “The novels bring together many cultures”. Explain. [CBSE 2010, 11]
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How did the novels bring together different cultures ?
Ans. (i) Language : The novel uses the vernacular, the language that is spoken by common people. By coming closer to the different spoken languages of the people, the novel produces the sense of a shared world between diverse people in a nation. Novels also draw from different styles of language. A novel may take a classical language and combine it with the language of the streets and make them all a part of the vernacular that it uses.
(ii) Bridging the gap between rural and urban culture : Many novelist like that of Thomas Hardy write exclusively about vanishing rural communities.
(iiI) New culture : Under colonial rule, many of the English educated class found new Western ways of living and thinking attractive. So many Indian novelists started writing about this new culture developing in India.
Q.6. Who is the writer of the novel Germinal ? What was the theme of the novel ?
Ans. Emile Zola, the French novelist wrote Germinal (1885). The novel is on the life of a young coalminer. In the novel, the writer tried his best to explain the harsh conditions under which the miners worked. It ends on a note of despair : The strike the hero leads fails, his co-workers turn against him, and his hopes are shattered.
Q.7. How most of the novels of the 19th century represented the true picture of the community and the society ?
Ans. (i) In the 19th century, Europe entered the industrial age. Novelists such as Charles Dickens and Emile Zola wrote about the terrible effects of industrialisation on people’s lives and character.
(ii) British novelist Thomas Hardy wrote about the traditional rural communities of England that were fast vanishing.
(iii) In ‘Pride and Prejudice’ novelist Jane Austen has written about the social status of women.
Q-8. What did G.A. Henty write about in his novel ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]
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How did the novels for the young boys idealise a new type of man ? Explain. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
Ans. (i) He wrote about strange lands being conquered by the young Englishmen.
(ii) He wrote novels for young boys idealising a new type of man; someone who was powerful, assertive, independent and daring.
(iii) He represented the colonisers heroic and honourable.
(iv) His novels were about young boys who witness grand historical events, get involved in some military action and show what they called English courage.
Q.9. Who was Charlotte Bronte ? How has she presented the picture of a woman in her novels ?
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Describe the depiction of women in the novels of Charlotte Bronte. [CBSE 2013]
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In which way was women depicted in Charlotte Bronte’s novel ‘Jane Eyre’? [CBSE 2011]
Ans. Charlotte Bronte was an English novelist. Her novels dealt with women who broke the established norms of the society before adjusting to them. Such stories allowed women readers to sympathise with rebellious actions. In Charlotte Bronte’s, Jane Eyre, published in 1874, young Jane is shown as independent and assertive woman or girl. While girls of her time were expected to be quiet and well behaved, Jane at the age of ten protests , against the hypocrisy of her elders with startling bluntness. She tells her aunt, who is always unkind to Jane: “People think you a good woman, but you are bad You are
deceitful ! I will never call you aunt as long as I live.”
Q.10. How did the early novels contribute to colonialism ?
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With the help of an example show how the early novels in Europe contributed to colonialism? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
Ans. (i) The early novels contributed to colonialism making the readers feel that they were a part of a superior community of fellow colonialists.
(ii) The hero of Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe is an adventurer and a slave trader, who treated the coloured people as sub-humans.
(iii) Most of the writers of that time saw colonialism as natural.
(iv) Colonised people were seen as primitive and barbaric, and colonial rule was considered necessary to civilize them.