How one can say that the institution of local self government train people to be leaders in a democratic society?
Answers
Explanation:
The presence of panchyats provides for the devolution of powers between the centre, state and local bodies. ... Local governments has given due recognition to country's diverse population allowing diverse groups within the states.
Answer:
Explanation:
The concept of local self Government is a very old model in India. It attained its pinnacle under the later Cholas or the Imperial Cholas of Tanjore. It declined under the onslaught of feudalism during Muslim rule and was revived under the British period, with lord Ripon’s Resolution in 1882. After Independence, the Gandhian ideal of Grama Swaraj greatly influenced the constitution makers. India being the land of the village emphasis’s for the creation of village panchayats. Restoration of panchayats to their pristine glory has been an article of faith during our freedom struggle. Hence with the drawn of independence and framing of the constitution of India, Article 40 was incorporated in the constitution. It runs as follows: “the State should take steps to organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as the units of self Governments.
The national level plan for improving the functioning of Panchayati Raj Institutions is chalked out in the roadmap for Panchayati Raj. It has been noted that due to poor resource base and economic activity in rural areas, the Panchayats would continue to depend on State/Central transfers, grants etc. The Union Cabinet of the Government of India approved 50% reservation for women in Panchayati Raj Institutions. The Indian states which have already implemented 50% reservation for women in Panchayati Raj Institutions are Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, and Himachal Pradesh. As of 2011, the states of Andhra Pradesh, Chhatisgarh, Jharkhand, Kerala, Maharastra, Orissa, Rajasthan and Tripura also reserve 50% of their posts for women.
A democratic form of government must be sustained by a system of vigorous local self-government institutions. local government institutions provide and opportunity to the people to participate freely and actively in the government which they formulate for their respective areas. These are necessary to encourage and foster initiative, independence, and enterprise on the part of the people. While inaugurating the first local self government minister’s conference in 1948, our late Prime Minister Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru said “local government is and must be the basis of any true system of democracy. Democracy at the top may not be a success unless built on its foundation from below”. Prof. laski says “local government offers the best opportunity to the people to bring local knowledge, interest and enthusiasm to bear on the solution of their problems.
The 73rd Amendment Act was related to village local self-government and inserted Part IX containing Articles 243 to 243-O in the Constitution. The 74th Amendment Act was related to municipal local government and it inserted Part IX A containing Articles 243P to 243ZG in the Constitution. As per the provisions, the Panchayati Raj Institutions would have a three-tier structure viz at the village level, the district level and the intermediate level standing between the village and district panchayats in States with population above 20 lakh. The members of the Panchayat at all levels were to be chosen by direct election from territorial constituencies in their respective areas. A State Election Commission was to be constituted for the conduct of free and fair elections. Seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in proportion to their population. One third of all seats, including those reserved for SC/ST, are reserved for women. These seats can be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Panchayat. A State may provide by law for similar reservation of the offices of chairpersons. Every Panchayati Raj Institution was to have tenure of five years and if dissolved earlier elections must take place within six months. Any person above the age of 21 years and qualified to become a member of State legislature and can become a member of a Panchayat. Articles 243G-243H provides the State government with the requisite authority to confer powers to the Panchayati Raj Institution. The Eleventh Schedule of the Constitution gives the Panchayati Raj Institution control over 29 items such as land improvement, minor irrigation, animal husbandry, fishery, women and child development. A State Finance Commission was to be appointed by the state government every five years to review the financial position of the Panchayati Raj Institution.
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