Question

how reproduction take in pteridophyta

Answer 1

Pteridophytes or ferns Mostly reproduce sexually, and that involves meiosis and fertilisation. When you are thinking of the typical big fern plant, what it does is, by meiosis, produces spores, and spores have half the number of chromosomes of the big parent plant.

The spores are released into the wind. If the spores happen to land somewhere suitable, they will grow into what is called agametophyte, and that is a whole separate individual plant. It’s very tiny – maybe the size of your fingernail – and it’s just like a little thin small green plate.

What that does is it will produce the sex cells, the eggs and the sperm. The sperm needs to swim through water in order to get to the eggs. The eggs are housed or maintained in the gametophyte. And that dependence on water is why ferns are so often linked to wet habitats.

 If the sperm do manage to get to an egg, fertilisation occurs, and that is where the two, the sperm and egg come together. It doubles the number of chromosomes, and that gives rise to a whole new typical fern plant again, and the cycle repeats.

Hope this helps..