How sensing in the Visible, IR, and thermal bands are different from one another?
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Thermal sensors or scanners detect emitted radiant energy. Due to atmospheric effects these sensors usually operate in the 3 to 5 μm or 8 to 14μm range. Most thermal remote sensing of Earth features is focused in the 8 to 14 μm range because peak emission (based on Wien's Law) for objects around 300K (27° C or 80° F) occurs at 9.7μm. Many thermal imaging sensors are on satellite platforms, although they can also be located on-board aircraft or on ground-base systems. Many thermal systems are multispectral, meaning they collect data on emitted radiation across a variety of wavelengths.
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