How should a junction diode be connected to the battery to keep it
facing forward?
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light-emitting diode or LED lights up when electrically biased in the forward direction. This effect is a form of electroluminescence.
A LED is a special type of semiconductor diode. Charge-carriers are created by an electric current passing through the pn-junction, and release energy in the form of photons as they recombine. The wavelength of the light, and therefore its color, is dictated by the materials forming the pn junction, which elements doped the pure material. A normal diode, emits invisible far-infrared light, but the materials used for a LED have bandgap energies corresponding to near-infrared, visible or near-ultraviolet light.
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