How sir Syed Ahmad khan manage to create cordial relations between Muslims and British
Answers
Answer:
A man of many names, Sir Syed was born as Syed Ahmad and given the title of Khan Bahadur by the British Indian Government. Although he was knighted only 10 years prior to his death
Explanation:
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The central aims of the Aligarh Movement were to:
-Improve relations between the British and Muslim communities by removing British doubts about Muslim loyalty and Muslim doubts about British intentions,
-Improve the social and economic position of Muslims by encouraging them to receive Westerneducation and take up posts in the civil service and army,
-Increase the political awareness of the Muslim community in order to make them aware of the threat to their position from the Hindus policy of co-operation with the British.
Improving Relations between the British and Muslim Communities
Sir Syed believed that the position of the Muslims in the subcontinent could only be improved if relations with the British were improved and Muslims gained higher-quality education. There were two major obstacles to good relations.
- The British had put the entire responsibility for the War of Independence in 1857 on the Muslims. As a result they carried out policies of repression against the Muslims after 1857. The Hindus and other religious groups were considered to be loyal and prepared to assist in governing India, but the Muslims were seen as rebellious and unhelpful. Even as early as 1843 the British Governor-General had stated:
Sir Syed wanted to ensure that this false view was corrected.
There was a deep-seated resentment of the British among many in the Muslim community. This was sometimes based on the fact that the British were seen as ‘foreign invaders’ and sometimes because they were thought to be trying to replace Islam with Christianity. Other Muslims rejected all Western ideas because they were often not in line with Islamic beliefs. Sir Syed wanted to ensure that the benefits and advantages of British rule, in particular in the areas of science and technology were embraced by the Muslim community to improve the lives of the masses.
Convincing the British
In 1860 Sir Syed wrote The Loyal Mohammadens of india. In this work he defended the Muslims from the British accusation that they were disloyal. He gave a detailed account of the loyal service which Muslims had given and named various Muslims who had shown particular loyalty to the British. At the same time he called on the British to end their hostility towards the Muslim community.
In order to convince the British that they were wrong to put the full blame for the events of 1857 on the Muslims, Sir Syed wrote a pamphlet called ‘Essay on the causes of the Indian Revolt'
In his writing he pointed out the main reasons for the uprising were:
1. The lack of representation for Indian government of the country.
2. The forcible conversion of Muslims to Christianity
3. The poor management of the Indian army
He also listed many other measures taken by the British which created dissatisfaction and led to resentment among the Muslim community.
This pamphlet was circulated free amongst the British officials in India and was also sent to members of Parliament in England.
Even members of the Royal family received copies. Some British officials were angered by what Sir Syed wrote as he seemed to be blaming them for the uprising. Others read what he wrote with sympathy and accepted that there was truth in his words .Sir Syed also tried to clear up a misunderstanding amongst the British who resented being called ‘Nadarath’ by the Muslims. The British thought that this was an insult , but Sir Syed pointed out that the word came from ‘Nasir’ , an Arabic word meaning helper. So the term was a reflection of the positive image Muslims had of British , not an insult.
Convincing the Muslims
Sir Syed was aware that the British knew very little about Islam. Indeed, on a visit to England he was so offended by an English book on (P.B.U.H) that he immediately wrote his own work correcting the many errors.
It was also true, however, that the Muslims in India knew very little about Christianity. He tried to overcome this was by writing Tabyin-ul-Kalam, in which he pointed out the similarities between Islam Christianity. Due to lack of resources the work was not finished, but it showed Sir Syed’s commitment to improving relations.
Another example of this was the British Indian Association which Sir Syed established to try to increase co-operation between the two peoples.
Many Muslims, however, were very suspicious of any British influence because they believed it corrupted Islamic learning .Sir Sved realized that he needed to increase awareness of the benefits of western technological advances. He did not accept the arguments of British Christian missionaries that the technological advances that had been made in Europe were a result of the teachings of Christianity. He believed that they had to do with greater political development and a higher standard of education, particularly in science. He therefore laid great emphasis on the need to bring about improved education for Muslims.