How social integration can be achieve through sport or activity?
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The integrating and inclusive value of sport
As already said, in his noblest dimension, the sport has assumed, from its origins to today, an important function in social
integration processes, contributing to build an open and solidary culture in an original way. The complexity of the sporting
phenomenon, understanding in its meaning contradictory appearances as competitive spirit and promotional activity,
professionalism and dilettantism, commercial interests and gratuitousness, often risked to reduce in the public opinion
the representation of the formative potentialities of sport, underestimating his precious social contribution.
The world of sport, through the diversity of its applicatory, competitive, healthy, recreative and educational contexts, can
allow the individual member of a social strongly heterogeneous community to live experiences able of "giving forms" to
his unexpressed potentialities and to model himself, increasing the value of the uniqueness and the globality of his being
a person and ensuring, in the comparison, the diversity and the personal identity. The sport defined as " physical activity
which, through a more or less organized participation, is aimed to the expression or the improvement of the physical and
psychic condition of people, with the promotion of the socialization", it represents a fundamental element in the
evolutionary process of the community, a tool which supports an equality of rights and chance within a field of
competition regulated by shared principles and rules. The UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS, adopted
by the General Assembly, affirms that “everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms… without distinction of any
kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion”; it not only gives back dignity and value to the human person, but it
defines also the civil and moral responsibility of the single countries in promoting supplementary and inclusive paths.
The principle of equality and shared participation to the sporting activities finds confirmation in the article 23 of The
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union which sanctions that “equality between men and women must be
ensured in all areas” and in the European Sports Charter whose principal aim is “to enable every individual to participate
in sport”. And then it is useful to start from the knowledge of the history of the single sporting discipline, of its different
diffusion within various nations, of the diversity of approach and of starting to the sporting activity in the specific national
and local experiences, which could help the diffusion of new knowledge on the various traditions of every people inside
the group. These various traditions can harmonically coexist in the sporting route which becomes human growth "the
growth of the man is a process of interiorization of the ways of acting, imaging and symbolizing which “esist” in his
culture, manners which enlarge his powers. Therefore, he develops these powers in a way which reflects the uses to
which he destines them" (Bruner, 1968, pp. 320-321).
The growing attention to the sporting dynamics and the importance recognized to the physical activities are due to the
consciousness that inside the community the sport allows a positive revaluation of the body as intermediary of the
knowledge and protagonist of the communication, as a medium for the organization of the relations and a privileged tool
for the promotion of the psycho-physical wealth of every person in his uniqueness and specificity.
The sporting game opens a symbolic communication which is able to knock down the linguistic barriers, supporting a
gesture and mimic communication which transmits information and emotions and makes imitative forms of learning
easier and urges the function of the mirror-neurons "… the neurons which are responsible for the production of such
motor images would be the same which are destined to activate themselves during the planning and the preparation of
his execution by the pupil. In other words the mirror-neurons activation would produce a “internal motor representation”
of the observed act, from which the possibility of learning by imitation would depend" (Rizzolatti, 2006, p. 95).
In this reading key the sporting phenomenon is proposed as a "gymnasium" which exercises to the cooperation, actively
building subjective and collective behaviours which are fundamental in the creation of the community sense.
As already said, in his noblest dimension, the sport has assumed, from its origins to today, an important function in social
integration processes, contributing to build an open and solidary culture in an original way. The complexity of the sporting
phenomenon, understanding in its meaning contradictory appearances as competitive spirit and promotional activity,
professionalism and dilettantism, commercial interests and gratuitousness, often risked to reduce in the public opinion
the representation of the formative potentialities of sport, underestimating his precious social contribution.
The world of sport, through the diversity of its applicatory, competitive, healthy, recreative and educational contexts, can
allow the individual member of a social strongly heterogeneous community to live experiences able of "giving forms" to
his unexpressed potentialities and to model himself, increasing the value of the uniqueness and the globality of his being
a person and ensuring, in the comparison, the diversity and the personal identity. The sport defined as " physical activity
which, through a more or less organized participation, is aimed to the expression or the improvement of the physical and
psychic condition of people, with the promotion of the socialization", it represents a fundamental element in the
evolutionary process of the community, a tool which supports an equality of rights and chance within a field of
competition regulated by shared principles and rules. The UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS, adopted
by the General Assembly, affirms that “everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms… without distinction of any
kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion”; it not only gives back dignity and value to the human person, but it
defines also the civil and moral responsibility of the single countries in promoting supplementary and inclusive paths.
The principle of equality and shared participation to the sporting activities finds confirmation in the article 23 of The
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union which sanctions that “equality between men and women must be
ensured in all areas” and in the European Sports Charter whose principal aim is “to enable every individual to participate
in sport”. And then it is useful to start from the knowledge of the history of the single sporting discipline, of its different
diffusion within various nations, of the diversity of approach and of starting to the sporting activity in the specific national
and local experiences, which could help the diffusion of new knowledge on the various traditions of every people inside
the group. These various traditions can harmonically coexist in the sporting route which becomes human growth "the
growth of the man is a process of interiorization of the ways of acting, imaging and symbolizing which “esist” in his
culture, manners which enlarge his powers. Therefore, he develops these powers in a way which reflects the uses to
which he destines them" (Bruner, 1968, pp. 320-321).
The growing attention to the sporting dynamics and the importance recognized to the physical activities are due to the
consciousness that inside the community the sport allows a positive revaluation of the body as intermediary of the
knowledge and protagonist of the communication, as a medium for the organization of the relations and a privileged tool
for the promotion of the psycho-physical wealth of every person in his uniqueness and specificity.
The sporting game opens a symbolic communication which is able to knock down the linguistic barriers, supporting a
gesture and mimic communication which transmits information and emotions and makes imitative forms of learning
easier and urges the function of the mirror-neurons "… the neurons which are responsible for the production of such
motor images would be the same which are destined to activate themselves during the planning and the preparation of
his execution by the pupil. In other words the mirror-neurons activation would produce a “internal motor representation”
of the observed act, from which the possibility of learning by imitation would depend" (Rizzolatti, 2006, p. 95).
In this reading key the sporting phenomenon is proposed as a "gymnasium" which exercises to the cooperation, actively
building subjective and collective behaviours which are fundamental in the creation of the community sense.
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