Question

How soil animal increase and decrease the soil fertility

Answer 1

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$\implies$sᴏɪʟ ғᴇʀᴛɪʟɪᴛʏ ᴅᴇᴄʟɪɴᴇ ᴏᴄᴄᴜʀs ᴡʜᴇɴ ᴛʜᴇ ǫᴜᴀɴᴛɪᴛɪᴇs ᴏғ ɴᴜᴛʀɪᴇɴᴛs ʀᴇᴍᴏᴠᴇᴅ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇ sᴏɪʟ ɪɴ ʜᴀʀᴠᴇsᴛᴇᴅ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛs ᴇxᴄᴇᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ǫᴜᴀɴᴛɪᴛɪᴇs ᴏғ ɴᴜᴛʀɪᴇɴᴛs ʙᴇɪɴɢ ᴀᴘᴘʟɪᴇᴅ. ɪɴ ᴛʜɪs sɪᴛᴜᴀᴛɪᴏɴ, ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴜᴛʀɪᴇɴᴛ ʀᴇǫᴜɪʀᴇᴍᴇɴᴛs ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄʀᴏᴘ ᴀʀᴇ ᴍᴇᴛ ғʀᴏᴍ sᴏɪʟ ʀᴇsᴇʀᴠᴇs ᴜɴᴛɪʟ ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ʀᴇsᴇʀᴠᴇs ᴄᴀɴɴᴏᴛ ᴍᴇᴇᴛ ᴄʀᴏᴘ ᴅᴇᴍᴀɴᴅs.

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Answer 2

Soil fauna regulate soil nutrient cycling by directly consuming organic matter, accelerating organic matter decomposition by fragmentation, or distributing nutrients by grazing on or transporting microbes with adhesion (Coleman and Wall, 2015).