Question

how the coal and petroleum formed?

Answer 1

Coal and petroleum have been formed from remains of dead animals and plants which has been subjected to various biological and geological process. Coal is the remains of trees, ferns and other plants that lived millions of years ago. These were crushed under the earth by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. They were pressed down under the layer of earth and rock and slowly decayed into the coal under the high temperature and pressure.

Oil is the remains of millions of tiny plants and animals that lived in the sea. When they died, their bodies sank to the sea bed. Bacteria attacked the dead remains and changed them into oil under high pressure.

Coal and petroleum are called fossil fuels because they are made up of remains of dead animals and plants.
Disadvantages of fossil fuels:-

Coal and petroleum products cause air pollution on burning.The oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulpher that are released on burning fossil fuels are acidic oxides lead to acid rain which affects our soil and water resources.Excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is responsible for green house effect that leads to global warming.

Answer 2

They formed due to the thousand years of dead animals and plants skin press in rocks.Hence after too many years they converted onto coal and petroleum.