Question

How the empirical formula of an organic compound is determined?

Answer 1

 

DETERMINATION OF EMPIRICAL FORMULA: 

1) The percentage composition of the compound is determined by the qualitative analysis .

2) The percentage of each element is divided by its atomic mass it gives atomic ratio of the elements present in the compound 

3) The simplest ratio is fractional then value of simplest ratio of each element is x a small integer to get is simple whole number for each of the element 

4) The atomic ratio of each element is divided by the minimum value of atomic ratio as to get the simplest ratio of atoms of elements present in the compound .

5) To get the empirical formula symbols of various elements present are written side by side with their respective whole number ratio as subscript to the lower right hand corner of the symbol .

Answer 2

$\Huge{\red{\underline{\textsf{Answer}}}}$

Empirical formula of an organic compound is determined as follows:

i.) The percentage composition of all the elements present in a given compound is determined by quantitative analysis. Generally, the percentage composition of oxygen is found as:

• % of oxygen = 100 - (sum of percentages of all other elements).

ii.) The atomic ratio of constituent atoms present in a given compound is given by the percentage of each element divided by their respective atomic weight.

iii.) The simplest ratio is found by dividing all the atomic ratios by the smallest atomic ratio. If any fractional ratio is obtained, then it is converted into a whole number ratio by multiplying all the ratios with a suitable integer.

iv.) The formula that shows the smallest ratio of the number of atoms of each element represents the empirical formula of that compound.