Question

how to calculate literacy rate in percentage

Answer 1

Your answer is here
=literate population/total population×100
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Answer 2

The percentage literacy rate can be obtained by dividing the literates in the given age range by the total population in that particular age group and the result is multiplied by hundred.

Mathematically, it can be represented in the following format:

$\bold{Literacy\ rate =\frac{\text { Number of literates of a giveb age range }}{\text { corresponding age group population }} \times 100}$

One alternate way to calculate literacy rate is to calculate the illiteracy rate instead and subtract the outcome from 100 to get the literacy rate.  

You can find the literacy rate in any of the ways mentioned above.