How to calculate Molarity if amount of solute is given? Explain it.
Answers
Molarity (M) is the concentration of a solution expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
Molar concentration (also called molarity, amount concentration or substance concentration) is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species, in particular of a solute in a solution, in terms of amount of substance per unit volume of solution. In chemistry, the most commonly used unit for molarity is the number of moles per litre, having the unit symbol mol/L. A solution with a concentration of 1 mol/L is said to be 1 molar, commonly designated as 1 M.
EXAMPLE
11.6 g of NaCl is dissolved in 100 g of water. The final mass concentration ρ(NaCl) is:
ρ(NaCl) = 11.6 g/11.6 g + 100 g
= 0.104 g/g
= 10.4 %
The density of such a solution is 1.07 g/mL, thus its volume is:
V = 11.6 g + 100 g/1.07 g/mL
= 104.3 mL
The molar concentration of NaCl in the solution is therefore:
c(NaCl) = 11.6 g/58 g/mol / 104.3 mL
= 0.00192 mol/mL
= 1.92 mol/L
Here, 58 g/mol is the molar mass of NaCl.
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