How to calculate the effective mass of holes in semiconductors?
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semiconductors are different from metals and insulators because they contain "almost-empty" conduction band and "almost-full" valence band. This implies the transport of carriers must be seen from both bands. To make such arguments, we introduce holes in "almost-full" valence band. These are not present in the semiconductor but simply, they are missing electrons spaces during the electron transport. Here you must know the fact that the electrons are the only charge carriers exists in semiconductors. Holes behave as particles with the same
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