How to calculate valency of compounds. Dont copy paste.
Can you say me how to calculate valency of carbonate
Answers
If the number of electrons in the outermost shell is less than 4, then the valency is the same as the number of electrons in the outermost shell. For example, if the number of valence electrons are 2, the valency of the atom is 2.
between one to four, the compound is said to have positive valency. For compounds with electrons four, five, six, or seven, the valency is determined by subtracting the electron from eight. All noble gases except for Helium have eight electrons.
For eg. H with only 1 electron (in K shell) needs 1 more electron to complete its octet. Therefore, valency is 1.
He with 2 electrons (in K shell) don’t need to gain or lose electrons to complete its octet. Therefore, valency is 0.
Li with 3 electrons (2 in K shell and 1 in L shell; electronic configuration 2,1) needs to lose 1 electron to complete its octet. Therefore, valency is 1. Similarly, Be (2,2) and B (2,3) needs to lose 2 and 3 electrons respectively. Therefore, valencies are 2 and 3 respectively.
C with 6 electrons (2 in K shell and 4 in L shell), with 4 electrons in outermost shell. Therefore, valency is 4.
N (2,5) needs to gain 3 more electrons to complete its L shell. Therefore valency is 3. Similarly, O (2,6) and F(2,7) needs to gain 2 and 1 electron respectively.Therefore valencies are 2 and 1 respectively.
Ne (2,8) Valency is 0. Till 18 atomic no., you can do like this. For K and Ca, electronic configuration will be (2,8,8,1 and 2,8,8,2) and not (2,8,9 and 2,8,10). This valencies are 1 and 2 respectively.
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