Question

How to convert benzene to TNT?

Answer 1

benzene +  (conc. of HNO3 + Conc. HCl) →  o-nitro benzene
 
and

 benzene +  3(conc. of HNO3 + Conc. HCl) →  TNT

Answer 2

Conversion of Benzene to TNT

1. The reactant involved in the reaction is benzene and the desired product is Trinitrotoluene (TNT).
2. First, benzene is treated with methyl chloride and $AlCl_3$ through a mechanism called Friedel crafts reaction.
3. This step converts benzene to toluene and eliminates hydrochloric acid as a by-product.
4. Secondly, toluene is treated with $HNO_3$ through the process called nitration.
5. As a result of which toluene is converted into Trinitrotoluene, which is the desired end product.
6. The chemical reaction involved in the reaction is given in the attachment.

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