Question

How to convert ethanal to 2-hydroxypropanoic acid ?

Answer 1

Ethanol's formula is CH3-CH2-OH 

So, CH3-CH2-OH + PI3 ------> CH3-CH2-I (ethyl iodide) 

Then, CH3-CH2-I + KCN ------> CH3-CH2-CN (propionitrile) 

And, CH3-CH2-CN + H(+)/H2O -------> CH3-CH2-COOH (propanoic acid) 

Hence, CH3-CH2-COOH + Br2 + Red phosphorous --------> CH3-CH(Br)-COOH (2-bromopropanoic acid)
This reaction is called Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction.

Now, CH3-CH(Br)-COOH + NaOH (aq) --------> CH3-CH(OH)-COOH (2-hydroxypropanoic acid or lactic acid) 

This is how you convert Ethanol into 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

Answer 2

Answer:

CH3-CH2-OH + PI3 ------> CH3-CH2-I (ethyl iodide) 

Then, CH3-CH2-I + KCN ------> CH3-CH2-CN (propionitrile) 

And, CH3-CH2-CN + H(+)/H2O -------> CH3-CH2-COOH (propanoic acid) 

Hence, CH3-CH2-COOH + Br2 + Red phosphorous --------> CH3-CH(Br)-COOH (2-bromopropanoic acid)

This reaction is called Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction.

Now, CH3-CH(Br)-COOH + NaOH (aq) --------> CH3-CH(OH)-COOH (2-hydroxypropanoic acid or lactic acid) 

This is how you convert Ethanol into 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

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