How to convert hard water to soft using sodium hexametaphosphate?
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Softening hard water. Water can be softened by adding sodium carbonate (washing soda) or by passing the water through an ion-exchange column.
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Water softening is the removal of calcium, magnesium, and certain other metal cations in hard water. The resulting soft water requires less soap for the same cleaning effort, as soap is not wasted bonding with calcium ions. Soft water also extends the lifetime of plumbing by reducing or eliminating scale build-up in pipes and fittings. Water softening is usually achieved using lime softening or ion-exchange resins but is increasingly being accomplished using nanofiltration or reverse osmosis membranes.
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