how to convert picric acid from phenol
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Answered by
4
Hope it helps you.....
the reaction we wish to perform is that of nitration.
One would think that a simple straightforward reaction with nitric acid would suffice.
It might, but with considerable side products, probably oxidation side products. Phenol is known to undergo oxidation to form benzoquinine.
To avoid the side reactions, the phenol is first sulphonated using concentrated sulphuric acid, and then nitrated using concentrated nitric acid.
The −SO3H−SO3H group helps in deactivating the phenol slightly. One can argue that the −OH−OH activates it so much that a chance of side-reactions and that of a runaway reaction are, both, increased.
The reaction is exothermic, and the temperature must be controlled.
The above has been taken from Wikipedia and explained a bit.
Note: Picric acid is capable of exploding, be careful
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the reaction we wish to perform is that of nitration.
One would think that a simple straightforward reaction with nitric acid would suffice.
It might, but with considerable side products, probably oxidation side products. Phenol is known to undergo oxidation to form benzoquinine.
To avoid the side reactions, the phenol is first sulphonated using concentrated sulphuric acid, and then nitrated using concentrated nitric acid.
The −SO3H−SO3H group helps in deactivating the phenol slightly. One can argue that the −OH−OH activates it so much that a chance of side-reactions and that of a runaway reaction are, both, increased.
The reaction is exothermic, and the temperature must be controlled.
The above has been taken from Wikipedia and explained a bit.
Note: Picric acid is capable of exploding, be careful
Mark it brainliest plzzzz plzzzz plzzzz plzzzz plzzzz plzzzz plzzzz plzzzz
Answered by
2
picric acid is prepared by treating phenol first with concentrated sulfuric acid which converts it to phenol-2,4-disulfuric acid and then with concentrated nitric acid to get 2,4,6-trinitrophenol
NO2NOX2 is a stronger deactivating group than SO3HSOX3H, it is more difficult to add 3 NO2NOX2 to a benzene ring directly.
But we would also have to substitute SO3HSOX3H for NO2NOX2.
NO2NOX2 is a stronger deactivating group than SO3HSOX3H, it is more difficult to add 3 NO2NOX2 to a benzene ring directly.
But we would also have to substitute SO3HSOX3H for NO2NOX2.
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