How to do floral formula?
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Answers
ahoy!!
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◆ what is floral formula ?
=> the flower has got specific arrangement of
different parts such as corolla, calyx, androecium ( stamen of a flower ), gynoecium ( pistil of a flower ) and whether they have bracteole and bract or not.
=> this is just a symbolic representation of the parts of flower or floral parts.
{ if you don't know what bract or bracteole is you can see the attached diagram. }
◆ Now, how do we use floral formula and what are the different types ?
basic ones are:
•Ca is used for calyx
•Co is used for corolla
•CaCo is for perianth (when both sepals and petals are fused.)
•A is for Androecium
•G is for gynoecium
now how these can be used?
=> suppose we have a whorl of sepals and the total number of sepals are 4.
we are going to write- Ca4.
{ formula being CaX }
=> if we have a whorl of petal and total number of petals are 5.
we are going to write Co5.
{ formula being CoX }
=> you can also add CoZ5, if you know whether the flower is zygomorphic.
similarly, you can use actinomorphic.
=> if androecium, whorl of stamens has got to be written. we write it as AX.
{ X = number of stamen. }
you may also write-
x being equal to ∞
=> GX can also be used.
where X is for the number of carpel.
now GX is also given different terms depending on the value of X.
( these are even present in NCERT )
• monocarpous. ( G1 )
• Apocarpous. ( when two or more carpel are present and are free )
• syncarpous ( when two or more carpel are present but fused )
remember:
*= is used for staminode which is also called sterile stamen.
◆ here are some others:
♀ is used for male unisexual flower.
♂ is used for female unisexual flower.
and for bisexual ones the symbol would be *one circle with both the cross and arrow*
( sorry I don't have that in my keyboard )
and these three are the common ones you will find everywhere:
• G with a bar on top. ( epigynous )
• G with a bar below. ( hypogynous )
• G--. ( perigynous )
now as I have described much.
I think it's time for one example :
◆ floral formula of hibiscus:
Ca ( 5 + 6 ) Co5 A infinite G(5)
=>Ca ( 5 + 6 ) means
11 sepals with 5 in one set and 6 in another.
=> Co 5 means
5 petals are present.
=> a ∞
is infinite number of stamen.
=> G5 means:
5 carpels are present.
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good life ...!!